Muffler



-May 22, 1928.

J. H. GOULD ET AL MUFFLER Filed March 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 un /V7066, M a/r I Arm/Mfrs.

May 22, 1928. 1,670,766

6 r J. H. GOULD ET'AL MUFFLER Filed March 15, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Wm was,

. from other causes; also to improve the con-,

Patented May 22, 1928.

"UNITED ;.$1TAT,E;S OFFICE- YORK.

QQUL D R I GA annlrnanx nYaTr, or BUFFALO, new YORK, nssIGnoBs ro BU FALO "rnnssnn sTEEn ooMPAivY, oFfBUrFALo, NEW

MUFFLER.

This invention relates to improvements in mufflers of the kind having tubes of noncircular cross section. I

The objects of, this invention are to provide mufliers of this kind with means for preventing deformation of the non-circular tubes due to explosions in the niul'llers or struction of mufflers of this kind in other respects here nafter specified. w 111 the accon'manying draw ngs:

Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view of a mutller provided with the improve ments embodying our invention.

Figs. 2' and.3 are transverse sections thereof on lines 2-2 and 33 respectively in- Fig. 1. y

Fig. 4 is an elevation of one of the heads of the mutfler.

Fig. 5is a fragmentary perspective view of one o'fthe heads ofthe' mu'lfler.

Fig fiiisa fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of the muffler, showing the head of the muflier.

and its connection with-two of the tubes tion thereof on line 77, Fig. l.

ig.i8 is a )ers ectiveiview' artl broken away, of a truss member.

Our invention may be applied to any muffler having one. or more tubes therein circular cross section into which the exhaust gases pass from an engineyan intermediate shell or tube B of substantiallyelliptical or analogous cross section having its smallest dian'ieteij" greater than. the;.diameter rot the I inner tube A and arranged concentric with regard toithe inner tube, and an out-er tube or shell C also substantially circular in cross 7 section and of greater diameter than the {inner tube'A. iThe tubes or shells are'held"v in place with regard to eachother by means largest diameter of the elliptical shell B,

and arranged concentric with regard to the of fa head D arranged at the inlet end of the mutfleiy and a head E at the dischargeend thereof. 1 The heads are; preferably made ofsheet metal and areprovided with shoulders by meansot which theshells are held in place; the head D having 'a shoulder (Z- head E having shoulders e and for the elliptical shell B and an outer flange the particular construction shown another ,headF is arranged beyond the head E and the heads are held in place by the outer shell C, the end of which is turned over and engages the head F. The head D also has an inwardly extending flange-(Z which engages the inner shell A and which is preferably secured to the shell to form a substantially airtight joint therewith by means of an outwardly extending bead (Z in the shell A, which cooperates with a corresponding head in the flange d. These cooperating beads also serve to hold the inner tube or shell in its correct position in the muffler. In order to assist in the forming of the head in the flange (Z* by means of an expanding tool which is inserted into the shell A, the inner end of theflange (Z I is provided' with a substantially radial F 1g. 7 is a fragmentary longitudmal secflange or enlargement(Z which holds the inner end of thisfflange cl" in its original storm. during the expanding of the intermediate par-tot the flange (Z? to form the bead therein. Theinner shell which is connected directly with the exhaust pipe of the engine is provided with a series of perforations or holes a which are so arranged thatthe passing through these perforations enter into thechamber between the tubes A and B at the portions thereot of smallest cross section. or in other words the gases impinge upon. the portionsofthe elliptical tube B of smallest diameter. and pass trom the portion of the chamber of smaller diameter to those of greater diameter, causing expansion of the gases. .The elliptical shell B is provided at: the portions thereof ofgreater diameter with a plurality of perforations or holes 7) through which the gases pass into the outer chamber formed by the tubes or shellsB and C and are further expanded in this chamber by passing from the portions of smallercross sectional area to those of greaterar-ea. ,The gases are discharged from the outer chamber through a series of perforations e arranged in theheadE and enter into a chamber: formed between the hll heads E and F. The head F isprovided with a discharge pipe or nozzle f through which the gases pass out of the muffler.

It is well known that if a tube of noncircular cross section is subjlected to internal pressure, the tendency oft jected to an explosion of suflicient violence v be chan ed from its form as shown in the drawings toa form-more resembling 'a shell of circular cross section. and in order to "ttVOltl distortion of the shell B due to unusually severe explosions in the muflier, the

following construction ispreferably employed.

The heads D cent to the shoulders (Z and 6 thereof with which the shell B engages, with inwardly extending projections G, which maybe of .any

suitable'or desiredform and which are pref- ,erably formed integral with the head. The projections G are provided with substantial- 1y square shoulders g which are arranged in proximity to and substantially parallel with the shoulders d and e engaged by the shell B. The other portions 'of the projections G may be of any suitable form,

' those shown flaring gradually toward the fiat portions of'the head D or E, so that these portions of theprojections strengthen or brace theinner ends of the shouldered portions g. The squareshoulders g of the projections are arranged near'the elongated portion of the elliptical shoulders cl and e and consequently engage those portions of the elliptical shell B which are most subject to distortionby the internal pressure in the muffler. The square shoulders gof the projections are spaced closely to the shoulders (Z and e of the heads D and E respectively so that the ends of the shell Blit comparatively snugly into the space between the square shoulder g and the shoulder 6 with which the tube C engages. Preferably a sleeve or cuff formed at the end of the shell B by turning over the metal at the ends of the tubes or shells beforethe shells are formed and the double thickness of metal thus formed at'the ends of the shells one of the cuffs H, namely the one adjacent to the head E, is turned inwardly with ref,- erence to the shell B.

The port ons of the elliptical tube or shell intermediate of the ends thereofare preferably reinforced against the distorting action of explosions in the muffler by means of a bridge or truss member 'I which surrounds the shell and engages the elongated sides Consequently the elliptical thereof so as to prevent these sides from bending or bulging outwardly.- In the particular construction shown this truss member is made of sheet metal and is bent so that the portions thereof ofgreatest. diameter are bent to provide three substantially radial webs 2,2" and "73 connected bytwo icircumferential webs 2' and i the web 'i bearing on the elliptical shell B and the web 2' may if desired- 1bear onport-ions of the outer shell C. The parts of the truss member which are adjacent to the flattened sides of'the elliptical shell are provided'with one radial web i and the circumferential webs 91- and z'fl'the radial web gradually increasing in depth from the portions of the elliptical-cross secj tionof greatest diameter, so thatyat the mid- ,and E are provided ad a-' dle poitions of the flattened sides of the elliptical shell are reinforced by the parts 'o fthe web 2" of greatest depth. In this manner the radial web z" is able to offer an increasedresistance to bending out .of the flattened portions of the elliptical shell, and the circumferential webs stiifen-t he radial portions of the truss member. The truss member-is preferably welded or otherwise secured to the shell .B to hold the truss member in placeand one or more of these truss members may be providedat ditlerent'portions of the shell if desired. The outer periphery of the';- truss member is also substantially elliptical in shape so that the gases can flow lengthwise in the space between the shells 'B and C, past the truss member. A truss or bridge member-of any other form may be provided' if desired. 1 g

By means of the construction shown, both the ends and the intermediate portions of the elliptical shell 13 are reinforcedflso that they can, if desired, be madeof thinner metal than was heretofore used, without any sacrifice of-strength, and the elliptical tube or shell can be made withflattened sides as shown,'without danger of having the flattened sides bend outwardly.

lVe claim as our invention:

1.. In a muflier, the combination of a shell.

ill)

of substantially elliptical cross section, a

head with which an end of said shelljen gags, a shoulder on said head about which said end of said shell is arranged, and projections at opposite'sides of said'head adjacentto said shoulder and adapted to engage portions of theouter surface of said shell of lesser diameter to hold said portions'in engagement with said shoulder; 2. In a muffier, the combination of a'shell of substantially elliptical cross section, a head with which an end of said shell engages, a shoulder on said head about which said end of said shell is arranged, and projections at opposite sides of said head adjacent to saidshoulder and forming"w ith said shoulder recesses into which the pertions of said shell of lesser diameter are Ill adapted to enter to hold said shell against outward distortion due to internal pressure.

3. In a muffler, the combination of a shell of substantially elliptical cross Section, a head with which an end of said shell engages, a shoulder on said head about which said end of said shell is arranged, and projections at opposite sides of said head adjacent to said shoulder and adapted to engage portions of the outer surface of said shell of lesser diameter to hold said portions in engagement with said shoulder, said end of said shell being turned over toprovide a double thickness of metal with which said projections cooperate.

t. In a muffler, the combination of a shell of substantially elliptical cross section, a head with which an end of said shell engages, a shoulder on said head about which said end of said shell is arranged, and projections at opposite sides of said head adj acent of said shoulder and adapted to engage portions .of said shell of lesser diameter to hold said portions in engagement with said shoulder, and a truss member arranged at an intermediate portion of said shell to hold sai'd intermediate portions of said shell against deformation.

5. In a muffier, the combination of a shell of substantially elliptical cross section, means for supporting the ends of said shell, and a truss member which extends around an intermediate portion of said shell and which offers greater resistance to distortion at the portions thereof which engage parts of said shell of smaller diameter than at other portions thereof, to hold the portions of said elliptical shell of smaller diameter against bulging outwardly due to internal pressure.

6. In a mufiler the combination of a shell of substantially elliptical cross section, means for supporting the ends of said shell, and a substantially elliptical truss member extending around an intermediate portion of said shell and having radially extending and circumferentially extending connected webs, the portions of said truss member which engage the parts of said shell of smaller diameter being formed to offer greater resistance to distortion than other portions of said truss member, the circumferential webs bracing said radial webs to hold said shell against bulging outwardly due to internal pressure.

7. In a mufller the combination of a shell of substantially elliptical cross section, heads with which the ends of said shell engage, and a truss member extending around an intermediate portion of said shell, said truss member having .a radially extending part which is of greater depth at the portions of said shell of smaller diameter than at the portions of said shell of larger diameter.

8. In a muffler the combination of a shell of substantially elliptical cross section, heads with which the ends of said shell engage, and a truss member extending around an intermediate portion of said shell, said truss member having a radially extending part which is of greater depth at the portions of said shell of smaller diameter than at the portions of said shell of larger diameter, and circumferential flanges arranged at the edges of said radial flange and serving to reinforce said radial flange, one of said circumferential flanges engaging said shell.

9. In a muffler, the combination of a shell of non'circular cross section, heads having shoulders which extend into the ends of said shell, means formed on the heads for engaging portions of the outer surface of said shell to prevent outward distortion thereof due to excessive pressure in the muffler, and a truss member arranged intermediate of the ends of said shell and engaging the outer surface of said shell to prevent distortion thereof.

10. In amuffler, the combination of a shell of substantially elliptical cross section, a head having an integral shoulder pressed out of the same and extending into an end of said shell. and integral projections pressed out of said head adjacent to said shoulder and adapted to engage the portions of the outer surface of said shell of lesser diameter to prevent deformation thereof.

JOHN H. GOULD. FRANK HYATT. 

